Civics /Polity (GATEWAY TO SSC MAINS: INDIAN POLITY IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER)

GATEWAY TO SSC MAINS: INDIAN POLITY IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER

Polity Notes: Fundamental Duties

A list of ten fundamental duties was included in the Indian Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 in the form of Article 51 A. For this a new part was created in the Constitution in the form of Part IV-A. It is based on the Japanese model. The idea of including a separate chapter on duties was recommended by the Swam Singh Committee in view of the fact that duties and rights are inseparable. Moreover, subsequently one more duty has been added by Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 in the form of 51 A (k). 

It reads: "It shall be the duty of every citizen of India ―who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years."

The 11 duties It shall be the duty of every citizen of India -

1. To abide by and respect the Constitution, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.

2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals of the freedom struggle.

3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.

4. To defend the countery  and render national service when required.

5. To promote common brotherhood and establish dignity of women.

6. To  preserve the rich heritage of the nation 's composite culture.

7. To protect and improve natural environment.

8. To develop scientific temper, humanism and spirit of inquiry.

9. To safeguard public property and abjure violence.

10. To strive for excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.

11. who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER

MEMBERS OF THE DRAFTING COMMITTEE

1. Dr. B.R.Ambedkar (Chairman)

2. N. Gopalaswamy Ayyanagar

3. Alladi Krishnaswamy Ayyar

4. K.M. Munshi 5. Mohd. Saadullah,

6. B.L. Mitter (later replaced by N. Madhava Rao)

7. Dr. D.P.Khaitan (replaced on death by T.T. Krishnamachari)

• The Constitution of India was adopted on – 26th November 1949

• The Constituent Assembly of India started functioning from : 9thDecember , 1946

• The Constituent Assembly took time to frame the Constitution of India – 2 years 11 months 18 days

• The Concept of written constitution, first born was – USA

• The Constitution of India is – Partly rigid, partly flexible

• The word ―Secularism‖ was inserted in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by – 42nd Amendment

• The Preamble to the constitution declares India as – A sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic

• The item ―Education‖ belongs to the – Concurrent List

• How many languages have recongnised by the Constitution? – 22

• The number of Union Territories in India is – 7

• Part of the Indian Constitution deals with ―Fundamental Rights- Part III

• Constitutional Amendment deleted the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights – 44th Amendment

• Articles of Indian Constitution guarantees freedom to press -Article 19

• Sikkim was made an integral part of India under the – 36thAmendment

• The power to curve out a new State is vested in – The Parliament

• The Constitutional States has been given to Panchayats under -Article 243

• In year Fundamental Duties of citizens were introduced by 42nd Amendment –1976

• The vacancy of the office of the President of India must be filled up within – 6 months

• The power of the President to issue ordinance is a relic of : – Government of India Act of 1935

• Rashtrapati Bhawan was designed by - Edwin Lutyens

• A Presidential Ordinance can remain in force – For six months

• In Article of the Constitution of India can be the President of  India be impeached – Article 61

• In India, the President is elected by – Single Transferable Vote

Important Question Answer

1. What is a Censure Motion?

 

Censure motion is moved against the Council of Ministers, a group of ministers or as individual Minister for the failure to perform duties. Censure motion must be specific and self- explanatory, stating the reasons for its adoption.

 

2. Distinguish between a starred question and an unstarred one asked in the Parliament.

Starred questions are distinguished by an asterisk. These questions are to be answered orally. Supplementary questions may be asked.

Un-starred questions are answered in writing. Supplementary questions are not allowed.

 

3. What is contempt of Parliament?

 

Contempt of Parliament is the crime of obstructing the Parliament in the carrying out of its functions, or of hindering any Member of Parliament in the performance of his or her duties.

 

4. What is casting vote?

In Lok Sabha or in Legislative Assembly, when on MLA gets votes equally in support on against then the speaker of the House gives his opinion and this is called casting vote.

 

5. What is the importance of Right to Constitutional Remedies?

 

By the Right to Constitutional Remedies (Art. 32 & 228) an individual can go to Supreme Court or High Courts for the safeguard of his fundamental rights.

 

6. What is Habeas Corpus?

Habeas Corpus:

 

It is a writ, by which the court can cause any person who has been detained/imprisoned to be physically brought before the court. The court then examines the reasons of his detention.

 

7. What is a privilege motion?

Privilege motion is a motion moved by a member if he feels that a minister has committed a breach of privilege of the house or of any one or more of its members by withholding facts of a case or by giving a distorted version of acts.

 

8. State the difference between Council of Ministers and the Cabinet.

 

Council of Ministers include cabinet ministers, ministers of state and deputy minister. The council of ministers is collectively responsible to the lower house of the Parliament. It is the cabinet which makes all the government policies.

 

9. Under which Article of the constitution can the union government play its role in setting inter-state water dispute?

 

Art. 262 deals with inter-state dispute. It says - parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of any dispute of complain with respect to the use, distribution or control of the waters of, or in, any inter-state river or river valley.

 

10. What is Call Attention Motion?

 

A member may, with prior permission of the speaker, call the attention of a minister to any matter of urgent public importance and the minister may make a brief statement regarding the matter or ask for time to make a statement.

 

11.HOW THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA WAS CONSTITUTED?
The Constituent Assembly of India was elected through indirect election by the members of the Provincial Legislative Assembly (Lower House only), according to the scheme recommended by the Cabinet Delegation.