Civics /Polity (Scheduled & Tribal Areas (Article 244))

Scheduled & Tribal Areas (Article 244)

Article 244 (1) → Provisions of 5th schedule shall apply to administration & control of schedule areas in every state other than Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam & Mizoram

Article 244 (2) → Provisions of 6th schedule shall apply to administration & control of tribal areas of Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam, & Mizoram

5th Schedule → Administration of Scheduled Areas

 - Governor of each state having scheduled areas have to submit a report to the President annually or whenever so required by the President

 - Executive powers of union extends to giving directions to the state regarding administration of these areas

 - A tribal advisory council consisting of not more than 20 members should be established in each state having scheduled areas therein, for their advancement & welfare

* Governor is empowered to direct that any particular act of parliament or state government does not apply to scheduled areas or if applied, then with specific modifications & exceptions

* Constitution provides for appointment of a commission to report on administration of scheduled areas & welfare of scheduled tribes in the state. President can appoint such commission at anytime but compulsorily after 10 years from commencement of constitution

Scheduled & Tribal Areas (Article 244)

Article 244 (1) → Provisions of 5th schedule shall apply to administration & control of schedule areas in every state other than Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam & Mizoram

Article 244 (2) → Provisions of 6th schedule shall apply to administration & control of tribal areas of Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam, & Mizoram

5th Schedule → Administration of Scheduled Areas

* Governor of each state having scheduled areas have to submit a report to the President annually or whenever so required by the President

* Executive powers of union extends to giving directions to the state regarding administration of these areas

* A tribal advisory council consisting of not more than 20 members should be established in each state having scheduled areas therein, for their advancement & welfare

* Governor is empowered to direct that any particular act of parliament or state government does not apply to scheduled areas or if applied, then with specific modifications & exceptions

* Constitution provides for appointment of a commission to report on administration of scheduled areas & welfare of scheduled tribes in the state. President can appoint such commission at anytime but compulsorily after 10 years from commencement of constitution

6th Schedule → Administration of Tribal areas

* Tribal areas in state of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura & Mizoram have been constituted as autonomous districts (i.e. falls under the executive authority of state concerned)

* President at any time by order direct that whole or any specified part of schedule area ceases to be a scheduled area or may increase the scheduled area in state after the consultation with the governor of the state

* If there are different tribes in an autonomous districts, governor can divide the district into several autonomous regions

* Each autonomous district has a district council of 30 members + each autonomous region also has a separate regional council

* District & Regional councils are empowered to assess & collect land revenue & impose certain specified taxes

* Governor can appoint a commission to examine & report of any matter relating to administration of autonomous district of regions.

* He may also dissolve a district or regional council on the recommendation of appointed commission.

Famous Tribes of India

Jarawa, Onge, Sentinelese :- Andman

Shorn Pens, Holchu :- Nicobar

Palaeo Mongoloids :- Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Manipur.

Tibeto -Mongoloids :- Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh

Mundas, Santhals, Oraons :-    Chhotanagpur Plateau

Gonds, Kondhs :- Central Vindhyachal + Deccan Plateau

Gaddi, Kinner, Phangwal, Lahuli :- Himachal Pradesh

Jaunsari, Bhotia, Raji, Buxa, Tharu :- Uttar Pradesh , Uttarakhand

Anal, Chiru and Konkanas + Kollam :- Maharashtra

Mala and Savara tribes :- West Bengal

Bhuiya tribe :-    Madhya Pradesh

Banjaras, Moghias and Sathiyas :- Rajasthan

Bhil + Maldhari (Gir lions) :- Gujrat

Oraon,  Munda, Chero, Parchaiya, Santhal, Asuras :-    Bihar

Bhuiya, Baiga, Dharua, Gaaro, Ho, Koli, Lodha :- Orissa

Bakarwal :-    J & K

Oorali, Sholagar, Irular and Badaga :- TN

Hakki-Pikki, Korgas,  Kurubas, Soliga :- Karnataka

Kadars, Irulars , Paniyans,  Korgas, ooralis :-    Kerala