Reasoning 3 Types Of Coding & Decoding Problems

3 Types Of Coding & Decoding Problems

Type I: Coding Based on Jumbling the Letters

In type 1, encoding is done by jumbling/rearranging the letters of the given word. Below example will help you understand this easy type.

Example Question 1: In a certain code language, RESEARCH is written as ESERHCRA. How you will code the word TEACHING be in the same code language?

Solution:
The logic used to code the word RESEARCH is as follows.

First, the word RESEARCH is divided into two Halves as, RESE | ARCH.You have to reverse first half letters as ESER and second half letters as HCRA. Then if you combine the words you will get, ESERHCRA.

Similarly, if you use the same logic, TEACHING can be coded as CAETGNIH.

 

Type II: Coding Using Preceding/Following Letters

In type 2, you have to encode based on preceding or following letters. Below example will help you to understand this type well.

Example Question 2: In a certain code language LAPTOP is written as QBMONS. How will you code the word SOLVED in that language?

Solution:
The logic used to code the word LAPTOP is as follows.

First, divide the word into two halves, LAP | TOP.

The first half letters are incremented by 1 and second half letters are decremented by 1.

Then after reversing the letters, they are combined as QBMONS.

Similarly, the word SOLVED can be coded as MPTCDU.

 

Type III: Coding By Substituting The Complete Word

In type 3, the codes are based on replacing the complete word with a new word. Here is an example.

Example Question 3: Directions(1 – 4) In a certain code language “ki na se”means “Today is Sunday”, “ri se na” means “Sunday is holiday”, “ta ri”means “Enjoy holiday”.

Sub-question 1. What is the code used for “Sunday”?

Solution:
Codes given in the question are as follows.

“Ki   na   se”   – “Today   is   Sunday”   …(1)

“Ri   se   na”   – “Sunday   is   holiday”   …(2)

“Ta   ri”   – “Enjoy   holiday”   …(3)

Below are 2 inferences which will help you answer all the sub-questions.
 

(i) Inference from equations (2) and (3):

In (2) and (3), only word that occurs in both the coding equations is “holiday” and only code that occurs in both the equations is “Ri”.

Therefore, you can conclude, “Ri” – “holiday”.

(ii) Inference from equations (1) and (2):

In (1) and (2), words that occur in both the coding equations are “is” and “Sunday” and only codes that occur in both the equations are “Na” and “se”.

Therefore, you can say among “Na” and “se” should be “is” and other should be “Sunday”.

Also you can infer the following from (1) and (3).

“Ki” – “Today”

“Ta” – “enjoy”

Here is your answer to sub-question 1: The code used for the word “Sunday” is either “na/se”.

Sub-question 2. How will you code the word “Enjoy Sunday”?

Solution:
The code for “Enjoy” is “ta” and for “Sunday” is either “na/se”.

So the code for “Enjoy Sunday” may be either “ta na” or “ta se”.

Sub-question 3. What does the code “ri” stand for?

Solution:
The code “ri” stands for “Holiday”.

Sub-question 4. What is the code for the word “Today Holiday”?

Solution:
The code for “Today” is “ki” and for “holiday” is “ri”.

So the code for the word “Today holiday” is “ki ri”.