DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS

DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS
Discoveries and inventions constitute a major part of general knowledge oriented questions in competitive exams. The following list includes some of the major discoveries and inventions that took place during the modern period. It is to be noted that - not all these discoveries can be attributed to one person. For each discovery, the attribution is given based on relevance and pioneer work in the specified area. If faced with a descriptive question; students are required to the overall background of that particular discovery.

Adding Machine	Balise Pascal
Aeroplane	Wright Brothers
Air Conditioner	Willis Carrier
Aspirin	Felix Hoffmann
Alcohol Thermometer	René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur
Fahrenheit	Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
Atomic Theory	John Dalton
Atomic Number	Henry Gwyn-Jefferies Moseley
Atomic Structure	Niels Bohr and Ernest Rutherford
Automobile	Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler
Antiseptic Surgery	Lord Joseph Lister
Ball Pen	John L.Loud
Hot air Balloon	Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier
Blood Circulation	William Harvey
Barometer	Evangelista Torricelli
Bicycle	Kirkpatrick Mac Millan
Braille System	Louis Braille
Beri – Beri disease	Christiaan Eijkman
Boson	Satyendra Nath Bose
Boyle's law	Robert Boyle
Computer	Charles Babbage
Chloroform	James Young Simpson
Cinema	Lumiere Brothers
Cinema Projector	Eadweard James Muybridge
Cresco graph	Jagadish Chandra Bose
Celluloid	Alexander Parkes
Cholera Bacillus	Filippo Pacini
Coloured Photography	Louise Lumiere
Cosmic Rays	Robert Millikan
Cyclotron	Ernest O.Lawrence
Diesel Engine	Rudolf Diesel
Dynamo	Michael Faraday
Dynamite	Alfred Nobel
Deuterium (Heavy Water	Harold .C.Urey
Electric Battery	Alessandro Volta
Electric Bulb	Thomas Alva Edison
Electricity	Michael Faraday
Electron Theory	Niels Bohr
Electrical Waves	Heinrich Hertz
Electromagnetic unit measurement	Carl Gauss
DDT	Dr. Paul Hermann Muller
Electron	J.J. Thompson
Elevator	Elisha G Otis
Fountain Pen	Petrache Poenaru
Photographic film	George Eastman
Glider	George Cayley
Generator	Thomas Alva Edison
Gramophone	Emile Berliner
Geometry	Euclid
Hydrogen	Henry Cavendish
Helicopter	Igor Sikrovsky
Helium Gas	Norman Lockyer
Homoeopathy	Samuel Hahnemann
Hovercraft	Christopher Cockrell
Hydrophobia	Louis Pasteur
Jet Engine	Sir Frank Whittle
Intelligence Tests	Alfred Binet
Insulin	Frederick Banting
Induction of Electric Current	Michael Faraday
Induction Coil	Heinrich Rohmkorff
Jet Propulsion	Frank Whittle
Law of Gravitation	Isaac Newton
Law of Heredity	Gregor Johann Mendal
Laser	Theodore Maiman
Lightning Conductor	Benjamin Franklin
Logarithm	John Napier
Laughing Gas	Joseph Priestley
Life Boat	Henry Greathead
Laws of Electrical Resistance	George Ohm
Law of Electrolysis	Michael Faraday
Gay-Lussac’s properties of gases law	Joseph Louis Gay Lussac
Laws of Motion	Isaac Newton
Laws of Natural Selections	Charles Darwin
Laws of Multiple Proportion	John Dalton
Liquid Oxygen	Joseph Priestley and Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Machine Gun	Helge Palmcrantz
Safety Lamp	Sir Humphry Davy
Safety Match	John Walker
Safety Pin	Walter Hunt
Safety Razor	King C. Gillette
Sewing Machine	Barthelling Thimonnier
Short Hand	Sir Isaac Pitman
Solar System	Copernicus
Steam Engine	James Watt
Steam Turbine	Charles Algernon Parsons
Spectroscope	Robert Bunsen
Stethoscope	Rene Laennec
Submarine	Cornelis Drebbel
Seismograph	John Milne
Sextant	John Campbell
Steam boat	Robert Fulton
Talkies	Lee-de-Forest
Tank	Ernest Dunlop Swinton
Telegraphy	William F.Cooke & Charles Wheatstone
Telegraph Code	Samuel Morse
Telephone	Alexander Graham Bell
Telescope	Galileo
Television	J.L. Baird
Thermos flask	James Dewar
Transistor	William Shockley and John Bardeen
Typewriter	Americans Christopher Latham Sholes, Carlos Glidden and Samuel W. Soule
Theory of Evolution	Charles Darwin
Theory of Relativity	Albert Einstein
Uranium fission	Otto Hahn
Uranus (Planet)	William Herschel
Vaccination	Edward Jenner
Vacuum Flask	Sir James Dewar
Vulcanisation	Charles Goodyear