NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY FOR 2015
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2015 to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar “for mechanistic studies of DNA repair".
Tomas Lindahl, Swedish citizen was born in 1938 in Stockholm, Sweden. He has done his Ph.D. in 1967 from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Paul Modrich, U.S. citizen was born in 1946. He has done his Ph.D.in 1973 from Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Aziz Sancar, U.S. and Turkish citizen was born in 1946 in Savur, Turkey. He has done his Ph.D.in 1977 from University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA.
The cells’ toolbox for DNA repairThese three got Nobel Prize for having mapped, at a molecular level, how cells repair damaged DNA and safeguard the genetic information. Their work has provided fundamental knowledge of how a living cell functions and is, for instance, used for the development of new cancer treatments.
Each day our DNA is damaged by UV radiation, free radicals and other carcinogenic substances, but even without such external attacks, a DNA molecule is inherently unstable. Thousands of spontaneous changes to a cell’s genome occur on a daily basis. Furthermore, defects can also arise when DNA is copied during cell division, a process that occurs several million times every day in the human body.
Earlier scientists believed that DNA was an extremely stable molecule, but Tomas Lindahl demonstrated that DNA decays at a rate that ought to have made the development of life on Earth impossible. This insight led him to discover molecular machinery, base excision repair, which constantly counteracts the collapse of our DNA.
Aziz Sancar has mapped nucleotide excision repair, the mechanism that cells use to repair UV damage to DNA. People born with defects in this repair system will develop skin cancer if they are exposed to sunlight. The cell also utilises nucleotide excision repair to correct defects caused by mutagenic substances, among other things.
Prize amount: 8 million Swedish krona, to be shared equally between the laureates.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2015 to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar “for mechanistic studies of DNA repair".
Tomas Lindahl, Swedish citizen was born in 1938 in Stockholm, Sweden. He has done his Ph.D. in 1967 from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.Paul Modrich, U.S. citizen was born in 1946. He has done his Ph.D.in 1973 from Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Aziz Sancar, U.S. and Turkish citizen was born in 1946 in Savur, Turkey. He has done his Ph.D.in 1977 from University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA.
The cells’ toolbox for DNA repairThese three got Nobel Prize for having mapped, at a molecular level, how cells repair damaged DNA and safeguard the genetic information. Their work has provided fundamental knowledge of how a living cell functions and is, for instance, used for the development of new cancer treatments.
Each day our DNA is damaged by UV radiation, free radicals and other carcinogenic substances, but even without such external attacks, a DNA molecule is inherently unstable. Thousands of spontaneous changes to a cell’s genome occur on a daily basis. Furthermore, defects can also arise when DNA is copied during cell division, a process that occurs several million times every day in the human body.
Earlier scientists believed that DNA was an extremely stable molecule, but Tomas Lindahl demonstrated that DNA decays at a rate that ought to have made the development of life on Earth impossible. This insight led him to discover molecular machinery, base excision repair, which constantly counteracts the collapse of our DNA.
Aziz Sancar has mapped nucleotide excision repair, the mechanism that cells use to repair UV damage to DNA. People born with defects in this repair system will develop skin cancer if they are exposed to sunlight. The cell also utilises nucleotide excision repair to correct defects caused by mutagenic substances, among other things.
Prize amount: 8 million Swedish krona, to be shared equally between the laureates.
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