History (Medieval India History :- Vijayanagar Empire (1336-1672))

Medieval India History :- Vijayanagar Empire (1336-1672)

 *Prominent languages →  Kannada, Telegu, Sanskrit

 *Consist of four major dynasties viz.

 - Sangam Dynasty

 - Saluva Dynasty

 - Tulva Dynasty

 - Aravidu Dynasty

Sangam Dynasty

 *Founded by Harihara & Bukka

 *Greatest Ruler Devaraya 2 →  Srirangam Copper Plate inscription ascribed to him

Saluva Dynasty

 *Founded by Saluva Narsimha

Tulva Dynasty

 *Founded by Vir Narsimha

 *Greatest Ruler Krishanadeva Raya

 - Friendly with Portuguese

 - Known as Andhra Bhoja

 - Patronized 8 eminent scholars in his court (Astadiggaja)

 - Greatest of them was Peddana (Also known as Andhra Kavita Pitamah)

Literature

 *Pedanna wrote Manucharitam, Harikatha saram (both in Telegu)

 *Krishanadeva Raya wrote : Amukhamaldaya (Telegu), Jambavti kalyanam + Ushaparinayam (Sanskrit)

Architecture by Krishanadeva Raya

 *Vitthalswami & Hazara ramswami temple @ vijayanagar @ Hamphi

 *Built city Nagalapuram in memory of her queen Nagaladevi

Points of Prominence (Vijayanagar Empire)

 *Sangam Dynasty →  Saivite with Chief Deity – Virupaksha

 *Other Dynasties  →  Vaisnavite (Saluva, Tuluva & Aravidu) mainly follower of Ramanujam

 *Tolerant towards other religions →  Borbosa referred to Religious freedom to everyone

 *Madurvijayam →  Written by Ganagadevi for Kumarkampana’s expedition of Madurai

 *Abdul Razzak (Persian traveler) gave an account of Vijayanagar Empire

- Vijaynagar empire was divided in to Mandalams (Headed by Mandaleshwara / nayaks), which was further divided into Nadus, which was further divided into Sthalas & finally into Gramas

Empire —- Mandalams —– Nadus —– Sthalas —– Grama

 *Land revenue was 1/6th of the produce

 *Gold coin → Varaha

 *Port →  Connanore (Malabar Coast)

Foreign Travelers

 *Ibn Batuta * *   →  Moroccan

 *Nicolo-de-Conti  →  Venetian

 *Abdul Razzak * →  Persian

 *Domingos Paes   →  Portuguese

Temple Building Style of Vijayanagar Empire

 *Vesara style of temple architecture → Tall gopurams with large kalyanmandapam along with pillars

 *Example →  Vradhraja & Ekam Parantha temple @ Kanchipuram

 *Famous Elephant chariot architecture belongs to Hampi Ruins